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Lighting for production work - general lighting

Since the factory is used for work of different nature, the lighting must also meet the illumination values required for various work, the minimum glare index and the best color rendering performance.

It can ensure that the direct glare emitted by the lighting equipment can meet the work needs, but it does not require the reflected glare to be reduced to an acceptable level. Reflected glare can only be produced on bright objects, such as polished or partially polished lamps and window surfaces. This glare can only be reduced by eliminating the polished surface from the field of view, or changing the orientation of the operator, the work surface, or the reflective bright surface so that the reflection effect is produced outside the operator's field of view.

The lighting equipment must be able to distinguish colors and must be able to meet the requirements of the process. When selecting a light source, whether the light source can meet the requirements of accurate color matching in some cases is more important than the light effect, but it should be noted that if accurate color matching is required, the illumination value must be at least 1000 lux. If there is a large area of strong colors in the field of view, light sources with high color fidelity will often lose their effect, because the effect of the light will be destroyed by the selective reflection effect on a large area.

The lamps must be arranged so that the uniformity of illumination on the work surface is not less than 0.7:1. To achieve this, the ratio of spacing to mounting height is generally required to be 1.5:1 or less for fluorescent lamps and reflective mercury lamps, and 1:1 or less for narrow distribution lamps. If necessary, the uniformity ratio can be verified by a series of point-by-point illumination calculations.

The top-mounted symmetrical arrangement of luminaires with general light distribution produces mainly horizontal illumination, and their vertical illumination depends largely on interreflected light. Although this installation method is suitable for many industries, it needs to be identified whether it can be suitable for specific work requirements. In some cases, vertical illumination may be more important. Careful selection of the reflectivity of the interior surface of the building can help improve illumination and also provide good visibility on the vertical surface.

When strong vertical illumination is required, the lamps can be mounted on the wall or the light distribution can be controlled so that the light is not mainly directed vertically downward, such as lamps with asymmetrical or batwing light distribution. Lamps with asymmetrical fan-shaped light distribution mounted on the wall generally require tubular halogen tungsten incandescent lamps or metal halide lamps. This type of lighting is worth considering for factories with high installation heights and more important vertical illumination.

Environmental visual design not only includes parameters of illumination and glare, but also includes brightness distribution in the entire field of view. Since the visual requirements in industrial production often have both limited values and continuity, the attention paid to factory lighting should be no less than commercial lighting.

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