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Structure of electroluminescent device

All EL devices rely on some form of conductive transparent electrode as the base of the lamp. In EL devices with glass as the substrate, the electrode is made by heating the glass to the softening point and spraying it with a tin salt solution. This firmly adheres a layer of tin oxide to the surface of the glass, with a transmittance of over 90% and a square resistance of 1000 ohms measured from one side to the other. Similar tin oxide films can be made on glass-like enamel layers using the same technology. Plastic substrates can also be covered with a layer of other metal oxides (such as indium oxide) by vacuum evaporation to obtain properties similar to tin oxide films.