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Chemical properties of nickel

The valence of nickel is +2 and +3. At room temperature, the chemical properties of nickel are not very active and it is not easy to oxidize. When heated to 400℃ in air, oxidation will appear on the surface; when heated to above 800℃, a green nickelous oxide (NiO) thin layer will be formed on the surface of nickel. The nickelous oxide thin layer can be reduced in hydrogen annealing at 350℃.

Nickel and hydrogen can form a solid solution, but when heated in a vacuum, hydrogen can easily escape from nickel, so nickel has good degassing performance, which is very beneficial for the production of electric light sources.

Nitrogen can only dissolve in nickel at 1400℃ and precipitate as the temperature decreases, so nitrogen has no harmful effect on the properties of nickel.

Nickel reacts with sulfur to form nickel sulfide, making nickel brittle and easy to break.

Nickel has good corrosion resistance. It is resistant to strong alkali, and even heated alkali has no effect on nickel. It also reacts slowly with hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. But nickel is soluble in nitric acid or a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid.

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